Testudo, the Latin word for tortoise, shell, arch or vault, was also the name given to a technique used by Roman soldiers in warfare. Standing close together, in the shape of a rectangle, they held their shields flat over their heads, to form a protective dome, allowing them to approach the enemy en masse, unharmed by spears, stones and arrows.
The black soft-shelled turtle figures importantly in Hindu mythology. The animals are believed to represent the souls of long ago sinners, transformed into reptiles by a 13th century saint, are in a tank attached to a temple in Bangladesh. Each animal is considered sacred, and so none can be removed.
25 things you didn't know about coffee.
65 countries in the world grow coffee. They are all along the equator, within the tropics.
Coffee is not grown anywhere in the United States except Puerto Rico and Hawaii.
In 1675 Charles II, King of England issued a proclamation banning Coffee Houses. He said that they were places where people met to plot against him.
30% of coffee drinkers in US added a sweetener of some kind to their coffee, compared with 57% in UK.
October 1st is official "Coffee Day" in Japan.
Scientists have discovered more than 800 different aromatic compounds in coffee.
Coffee is the second most traded commodity in the world (oil is the first.)
Brazil produces around 40% of the world's coffee supply.
A Belgian named George Washington invented instant coffee in 1906.
Coffee has been used as a beverage for over 700 years.
Black coffee with no sugar contains no calories.
More than 20 million people worldwide, work in the coffee industry.
There are two species of coffee plant: Arabica and Robusta.
75% of the world's coffee comes from the Coffea Arabica plant.
Drinking a single cup of coffee that has been brewing for 20 minutes provides the body with 300 phytochemicals which act as antioxidants and stay in the body for up to a month.
In days gone by, Turkish bridegroom had to promise that they would always provide their new wives with coffee.
Espresso Coffee has just one third of the caffeine content of ordinary coffee.
Coffee beans are really berries. Each berry contains two beans (pips).
An expert in preparing Turkish coffee is known as a "kahveci".
It takes 40 coffee beans to make an espresso.
One coffee tree yields less than half a kilo of coffee per year.
Worldwide, more 1400 millions cups of coffee are drunk every day.
Caffeine, which is found in coffee, increases the effect of some painkillers, especially aspirin and paracetamol.
Select a productive study location
Choose an area free from distractions (roommates, television, computer).
Suggestions: library, study lounge, student center, coffee shop
Prepare in advance
Use a day planner and designate specific times to accomplish specific tasks.
Avoid “cramming”
Analyze your old exam results
Consider what types of questions you missed (multiple choice, short answer, matching, etc.).
Where did the exam questions come from (textbook, lecture, study aid)?
Decide on and adopt the study strategies that work best for you
Keep in mind that different types of exams/classes will require you to use different study strategies.
Practice what will be required of you on the exam
If your exam is problem based, work on problems (it does little good to just read your math book).
If your exam is all essay, spend some time considering what topics will likely be covered andmake a brief outline.
Be assertive in seeking assistance
Utilize office hours
Stay relaxed and confident
Remind yourself that you are well-prepared and are going to do well.
Choose a good spot to take the exam (enough room to work, away from any distractions).
Don’t talk to other students before the exam; anxiety is contagious.
When writing an essay exam, get right to the point:
State your main point in the first sentence.
Use the first paragraph to provide an overview of your essay.
Use the rest of your essay to discuss supporting points in detail.
Back your points up with specific information and examples from readings and lecture.
Leave time to review your exam
Make sure you have answered all of the questions.
Proofread your writing for spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
Check your math answers for careless mistakes.
Reward yourself after the exam
Take some time to do something you like to do (read a magazine, exercise, see a movie).
Once the exam is over, do not dwell on past mistakes or immediately start studying for your next exam.
Eye Care Tips
Take A vitamin diet to make eyes brighter. (papaya, eggs, fish, milk, cilantro etc.,) Wash eyes with cold water to get sparkling eyes.
Put sliced cucumber over your eyes to treat dark circles.
Put potato slices on your eye to get rid off those dark circles.
Soak amla overnight in water and use this water the next morning to wash the eyes.
Soak cotton in Luke warm milk and cover eyes with it for 15 min.
To soothe tired eyes, dip cotton pads in chilled milk and place on closed eyes for 10 minutes. Now relax completely.
To completely relax the eyes and the surrounding muscles, close your eyes and think of something that is pleasant or soothing and at a distance. Now gently open your eyes and look into the distance. Next focus on an object at arm's length. Do this extremely relaxing exercise four or five times a day.
If your eye twitches, or your eyes are red and feeling itchy, massage your scalp with curd.
Soak 1 tsp. dry amla in one cup of water overnight. Next morning strain it through a muslin cloth and then add one extra cup of water. Splash your eyes with this solution each morning. This makes your eyes sparkle.
For Puffy Eyes: Grate a potato with its peel and apply on your closed eyelids for about 20 minutes and relax completely. You may even take a nap.
Wash your face before sleeping, and ensure that there is no make-up on your face before you sleep, because, make-up creams may spoil your face as it will be there for the whole night. It is better if no cream is applied. What I feel is, wash your face before sleeping and if at all you want to apply any cream, just apply night cream and none other than that.
There are 45 miles of nerves in the skin of a human being.In a year, a person`s heart beats 40,000,000 times.
Your left lung is smaller than your right lung to make room for :your heart.
You use an average of 43 muscles for a frown. You use an average of 17 muscles for a smile.
The average human produces a quart of saliva a day or 10,000 gallons in a lifetime.
When you eat meat and drink milk in the same meal, your body does not absorb any of the milk's calcium. It is best to have 2 hours between the milk and meat intake.
Only humans and horses have hymens.
The tooth is the only part of the human body that can't repair itself.
Every human spent about half an hour as a single cell.
A slug has four noses.
Octopuses have 3 hearts.
A goldfish can live up to 40 years.
A starfish doesn't have a brain.
The slowest growing finger nail is on the thumb nail and the fastest growing is the finger nail on the middle finger.
The sensitivity of a woman's middle finger is reduced during menstruation.
The same amount of calories are burned by doing 6 sessions that are 5 minutes each of an activity and doing 1 session of that activity for 30 minutes.
The pectin that is found in apples aids in lowering cholesterol levels.
Benjamin Franklin wanted the national bird to be a turkey.
A spooked turkey can run at speeds up to 20 miles per hour. They can also burst into flight approaching speeds between 50-55 mph in a matter of seconds. So close, yet so far
A wild turkey has excellent vision and hearing. Their field of vision is about 270 degrees. This is the main reason they continue to elude some hunters.
Gobbling starts before sunrise and can continue through most of the morning.
It can buy a House But not a Home
It can buy a Bed But not Sleep
It can buy a Clock But not Time
It can buy you a Book But not Knowledge
It can buy you a Position But not Respect
It can buy you Medicine But not Health
It can buy you Blood But not Life
So you see, Money isn't everything. And it often causes pain and suffering. I tell you all this because I am your Friend, and as your Friend I want to take away your pain and suffering... So send me all your money and I will suffer for you. A more true Friend you will never find:-)
Two inseparable friends, Sam and Jason, met with an accident on their way to Boston City. The following morning, Jason woke up blind and Sam was still unconscious. Dr. Berkeley was standing at his bedside looking at his health chart and medications with a thoughtful expression on his face. When he saw Sam awake, he beamed at him and asked." How are you feeling today Sam?" Sam tried to put up a brave face and smiled back saying, "absolutely wonderful Doctor. I am very grateful for all that you have done for me. "Dr Berkeley was moved at Sam's deed. All that he could say was, "You are a very brave man Sam and God will make it up to you in one way or another". While he was moving on to the next patient, Sam called back at him almost pleading, "promise me you won't tell Jason anything".
"You know I won't do that. Trust me." and walked away.
"Thank you " whispered Sam. He smiled and looked up in prayer " I hope I live up to your ideas...please give me the strength to be able to go through this..Amen"
Months later when Jason had recuperated considerably, he stopped hanging around with Sam. He felt discouraged and embarrassed to spend time with a disabled person like Sam.
Sam was lonely and disheartened ,since he didn't have any body else other than Jason to count on. Things went from bad to worse. And one day Sam died in despair. When Jason was called on his burial, he found a letter waiting for him. Dr Berkeley gave it to him with an expressionless face and said" This is for you Jason. Sam had asked me to give it to you when he was gone".
In the letter he had said: " Dear Jason, I have kept my promise in the end to lend you my eyes if anything had happened to them. Now there is nothing more that I can ask from God, than the fact ,that will see the world through my eyes. You will always be my best friend........Sam".
When he had finished reading Dr. Berkeley said " I had promised Sam to keep his sacrifice he made a secret from you. But now I wish I didn't stick it Because I don't think It was worthy it" .
All that was left for Jason while he stood there was tears of regret and memories of Sam for the rest of his life .
Lesson of the story: No matter what If we make a friend, we should stick by him till the end. Life is meaningless without a friend.
The paradox of our time in history is that we have taller buildings, but shorter tempers; wider freeways, but narrower viewpoints; we spend more, but have less; we buy more but enjoy it less.
We have bigger houses and smaller families; more conveniences, but less time; we have more degrees, but less sense; more knowledge, but less judgement; more experts, but more problems; more medicine, but less wellness.
We drink too much, spend too recklessly, laugh too little, drive too fast, get too angry too quickly, stay up too late, get up too tired, read too little, watch TV too much, and pray too seldom.
We talk too much, love too seldom, and hate too often. We've learned how to make a living, but not a life; We've added years to life, not life to years.
We've been all the way to the moon and back, but have trouble crossing the street to meet the new neighbor. We've conquered outer space, but not inner space; We've done larger things, but not better things.
We've cleaned up the air, but polluted the soul; we've split the atom, but not our prejudice. We write more, but learn less; we plan more, but accomplish less.
We've learned to rush, but not to wait; we have higher incomes, but, lower morals.
We build more computers to hold more information to produce more copies than ever, but have less communication; We've become long on quantity, but short on quality.
These are the days of two incomes, but more divorce; of fancier houses, but broken homes.
These are the days of quick trips, disposable diapers, throw away morality, one night stands, overweight bodies, and pills that do everything from cheer, to quiet, to kill. Where are we heading ....?
If we die tomorrow, the company that we are working for could easily replace us in a matter of days. But the family we left behind will feel the loss for the rest of their lives.
And come to think of it, we pour ourselves more into work than to our family an unwise investment indeed.
So what is the morale of the story????
Don't work too hard... and you know what's the full word of family?
FAMILY = (F)ATHER (A)ND (M)OTHER, (I) (L)OVE (Y)OU
They kept on walking until they found an oasis, where they decided to take a bath. The one, who had been slapped, got stuck in the mire and started drowning, but the friend saved him. After the friend recovered from the near drowning, he wrote on a stone: "TODAY MY BEST FRIEND SAVED MY LIFE."
The friend who had slapped and saved his best friend asked him, "After I hurt you, you wrote in the sand and now, you write on a stone, why?"
The other friend replied: "When someone hurts us, we should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness can erase it away. But, when someone does something good for us, we must engrave it in stone where no wind can ever erase it."
LEARN TO WRITE YOUR HURTS IN THE SAND, AND TO CARVE YOUR BENEFITS IN STONE
"A son and his father were walking on the mountains.Suddenly, his son falls, hurts himself and screams: "AAAhhhhhhhhhhh!!!"To his surprise, he hears the voice repeating, somewhere in the mountain: "AAAhhhhhhhhhhh!!!"Curious, he yells: "Who are you?"He receives the answer: "Who are you?"And then he screams to the mountain: "I admire you!"The voice answers: "I admire you!"Angered at the response, he screams: "Coward!"He receives the answer: "Coward!"He looks to his father and asks: "What's going on?"The father smiles and says: "My son, pay attention."Again the man screams: "You are a champion!"The voice answers: "You are a champion!"The boy is surprised, but does not understand.Then the father explains: "People call this ECHO, but really this is LIFE.It gives you back everything you say or do.Our life is simply a reflection of our actions.If you want more love in the world, create more love in your heart.If you want more competence in your team, improve your competence.This relationship applies to everything, in all aspects of life;Life will give you back everything you have given to it." YOUR LIFE IS NOT A COINCIDENCE. IT'S A REFLECTION OF YOU!"
Red symbolizes : action, confidence, courage, vitality
Pink symbolizes:love, beauty
Brown symbolizes: earth, order, convention
Gold symbolizes: Wealth, prosperity, wisdom
Yellow symbolizes: wisdom, joy, happiness, intellectual energy
Green symbolizes: life, nature, fertility, well being
Blue symbolizes: youth, spirituality, truth, peace
Purple symbolizes: Royalty, magic, mystery
Indigo symbolizes: intuition, meditation, deep contemplation
White symbolizes: Purity, Cleanliness
Black symbolizes: Death, earth, stability
Gray symbolizes: Sorrow, security, maturity
my lovely family consists of only 5 members, my mom,my sister, my brother, my younger sister and me..it was bigger when my dad was alive.. he died from lung diseases when i was form 3..Not realizing how tragic and irrevocable the event of his death was for my Mom and my elder sister, I could not utter even a tear..i was very sad with that because i love him very much and tried to spend as much time with him as I could..but all my hopes only leave memory..i try to make myself happy..now, i can faces all this..
this is the picture of my family at Gua Kelam Perlis..l love my family so much..=)